Overall, the scientists found that people who lived in Scandinavia exhibited high levels of non-Scandinavian ancestry, pointing to a continuous exchange of genetic information across the broader European continent. In addition to comparing samples collected at different archaeological sites, the team drew comparisons between historical humans and present-day Danish people.
They found that Viking Age individuals had a higher frequency of genes linked to dark-colored hair, subverting the image of the typical light-haired Viking. Per the Times , the researchers report that Vikings genetically similar to modern Danes and Norwegians tended to head west on their travels, while those more closely linked to modern Swedes preferred to journey eastward.
Still, exceptions to this pattern exist: As Ars Technica notes, Willerslev and his colleagues identified an individual with Danish ancestry in Russia and a group of unlucky Norwegians executed in England. The study also shed light on the nature of Viking raids. Now we have sequenced the genomes of seven hunter gatherers, dated to be 9,, years old, to find out.
One of the reasons the origins of the first Scandinavians is so enigmatic is a major shift in stone tool technology that appeared soon after they got there. This new technology seemed to have had an origin in eastern Europe and it has been an open question how it reached Scandinavia. Our interdisciplinary research team combined genetic and archaeological data with reconstructions of the ice sheets to investigate the earliest people of the Scandinavian peninsula.
We then compared the genomic data with the genetic variation of contemporary hunter gatherers from other parts of Europe. To our surprise, hunter gatherers from the Norwegian Atlantic coast were genetically more similar to contemporaneous populations from east of the Baltic Sea, while hunter gatherers from what is Sweden today were genetically more similar to those from central and western Europe.
One could say that — in Scandinavia at that time — the geographic west was the genetic east and vice versa. This contradiction between genetics and geography can only be explained by two main migrations into Scandinavia. It would have started with an initial pulse from the south — modern day Denmark and Germany — that took place just after 11, years ago.
Then there would have been an additional migration from the northeast, following the Atlantic coast in northern Finland and Norway becoming free of ice. These results, published in the PLOS Biology , agree with archaeological observations that the earliest occurrences of the new stone tool technology in Scandinavia were recorded in Finland, northwest Russia and Norway — dating to about 10, years ago.
This kind of technology only appeared in southern Sweden and Denmark later on. Knowing the genomes of these hunter gatherer groups also allowed us to look deeper into the population dynamics in stone age Scandinavia. Thanks for sharing! So why are you not back? Are you in the US to save them? Although European authorities could help a little bit. Take a more responsibility for the rights of our relatives over there in the US. Where did anyone say they needed saving? And why did you assume this person is in the US?
There is nothing to indicate that they are in the US. This reply is a year later. NOW, we DO need saving from a wannabe dictator. How did it come to this? My great grandparents were all from Norway. Sometimes I wish they had stayed there, but then, of course, I would not have been born at all.
Norway, pray for us. Well Caterina B, you and we all got saved from the wannabe dictator, thank heaven! Now things can only get better. Love your good feelings for Norway, that shines through. Have you ever visited the country?
Great article and joke. Originally from northern Minnesota, and oh yeah, I have the accent people tell me. Myself and lot of my 57 first cousins are or were blue eyed and blonde, but certainly not all. I read these Norwegian articles and now I am craving Lefse, and none in the house, Uffda. Neither am I a Norwegian, nor live there now, but love the country and the original attitude, people have.
Have enjoyed my decade long stay and every visit now. Love sharing my maiden name with you. They were married in Steinkjer near Trondheim, Norway in the early s and came to Canada shortly after.
There has been a word here and there that there was more family in Minnesota. TN and Maren had 5 children, 3 born in Norway, and 2 in Canada.
Maren came after TN, in , and missed boarding the Titanic as one of the kids had Chicken pox! No problem Loren! Just boil up some potatoes, rice em twice, mix with a little flour, roll em out with a rolling pin sans handles and fry them in the ridiculously large, only-for-lefse-making, electric, counter-top, fry pan. Smear with butter and lingonberry jam. You know the drill. Born and bread in Oslo, but left when I was 20 in the swinging sixties and since lived in London for 45 years and Malta for 5 years.
Even the Norwegians are very different, either coming from Eastern Norway, the west coast or northern Norway. Compared to British they are rude, never or hardly ever saying please and thank you. Now at the age of 70, I am going back to Oslo for the last part of my life. I am still blond and green eyed. It is time you get home. You know what happens to Norwegians who stays too long in Sweden, they lose the touch with reality and acquire all sorts of strange opinions.
When they visit home, they think they speak Norwegian, but actually speaks some sorts of Swedish. Staying abroad too long is dangerous, environmentally dangerous, It gives you a skewed perception. You start to think it is normal that four-five persons own most of the country. And that a country can be run without taxes. Or that a whale is some kind of human. Welcome home. No authoritarian church administering and taxing the locals.
Think about it a little. I am Norwegian heritage, Holidayed in Norway, would love to live there,lack of money keeps me tied in Canada. Dream on. No, Fennoscandinavia is not Scandinavia.
I was married to a Norwegian and enjoyed going to Oslo 3 times. I am from Canada. I found the people to be friendly. It is a beautiful country and I would love to visit Oslo again but also some other cities while I am there. Great article my parents were norwegian and proud of it yes they immigrated but were proud to be come canadians and worked hard to make life good! They had nine children, one of whom was my grandfather, Gustav E.
Have you noticed that Denmark is connected to Germany? Not to the Scandinavian peninsula? But if you look at Finland then you will see that a part of the country is a part of the Scandinavian peninsula. And we have some common history with Finland. Since Finland and Sweden was one country for a long time. I just mention it. It does not mean that I think the Danes is Germans.
It seems the German has been a little bit confused regarding that matter through history. It is claimed that logic is not a particularly strong trait in the human family. Perhaps it could explain what has happened with the definitions. Have lived in Norway for over 3 years now. From New York City. From my perspective the Norwegian people are stiff and superior and not at all relaxed or open to change.
Their society is absolutely conformist and all the young girls dress exactly alike and the young men too. Older middle-aged women become very manly and have a very stern look in their eyes.
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