And I assume that as Arabic became a language used for administration, scientific treatises, etc. Did it get that from Persian, or coin it from existing roots, or what? Well, scratch that. Plus I assume that however Persianized Urdu is, the old stuff that was actually written in Persian is still a closed book to people who only know Urdu.
Ah, I see I misunderstood your query. EI has an article on Iranian loanwords in Arabic. After the Arab conquest of Iran, the new Muslim rulers, who had no experience with imperial government, sought the assistance of the Iranians in administering the newly established states, and in succeeding centuries, the Iranians also made important literary and scientific contributions, including the translation of a number of Pahlavi books into Arabic.
They partially displaced the native equivalents broom and whelp. About brousse and broom , were they ever really equivalent? The Plantagenet family which ended up ruling England was so named from an ancestor who liked to wear a sprig of broom flowers in his hat or perhaps the helmet of his armour, in order to be identified by his followers. According to a terminology developed during the Cold War, the First World comprised most capitalist countries, the Second World the Socialist ones, the Third World everything else.
In fact, Persian was the administrative language of the East India Company until well into the 19th century. Plus, as Hat says, Persian is a hell of a lot easier for an Anglophone to learn than Arabic.
So the chances of someone with genuine literary talent like Fitzgerald picking up on Persian poetry in 19th century Britain were pretty high. IIRC Tennyson was learning Persian until his wife told him to stop because looking at all those little squiggles might ruin his eyesight. Sometimes, knowing Persian in India could be a drawback.
In the Sikh-controlled Punjab in the early 19th century, the administration was run by clerks writing in Persian. On one occasion when the Sikh army mutinied over pay, they went round looking for anyone who could speak Persian and killed them. I never knew that Persian was that widespread in those ancient days. I think the spread of Persian started to shrink due to another factor which is the arrival of Islam along with Arabic.
Many Persian people converted to it and started learning Arabic; hence Modern Farsi is written in the Arabic script. Oh, right. Nice to see a spammer again!
I thought he was another unaware nationalist, mistaking prejudice for wisdom. Persian is one of the great lingua francas of world history. Yet despite its recognition as a shared language across the Islamic world and beyond, its scope, impact, and mechanisms remain underexplored.
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Some features of the site may not work correctly. DOI: King Published 10 January History International Journal of the Sociology of Language Hindi and Urdu are variants of the same language characterized by extreme digraphia: Hindi is written in the Devanagari script from left to right, Urdu in a script derived from a Persian modification of Arabic script written from right to left.
High variants of Hindi look to Sanskrit for inspiration and linguistic enrichment, high variants of Urdu to Persian and Arabic. Hindi and Urdu diverge from each other cumulatively, mostly in vocabulary, as one moves from the bazaar to the higher realms… Expand. View via Publisher. Save to Library Save. Create Alert Alert. Share This Paper. Background Citations. Citation Type. Has PDF. Publication Type. More Filters.
Urdu in Devanagari: Shifting orthographic practices and Muslim identity in Delhi. Abstract In sociolinguistics, Urdu and Hindi are considered to be textbook examples of digraphia—a linguistic situation in which varieties of the same language are written in different scripts.
Urdu … Expand. It also contains many loan words from Arabic and Persian. But it is not a combination of two languages. There is a common misconception that Urdu formed from the merging of Persian, Hindi, and Arabic; however, this is not true.
Urdu is a dialect of Hindi, that is written with the Arabic alphabet and contains some loanwords from Arabic and Persian. But it is still an Indic language.
Urdu is the evolution of Hindi the Indian language and Farsi aka Persian; they mixxed when the Persians invaded India. Persian,Arabic,Hindi and Turkish influenced Punjabi. It was the language to make communication between farsi Persian speaking rulers of India came from mid-Asia and the local people. Urdu was created in India as a language of troops in thirteenth century - a mixture of Khari Boli, Arabic, Persian and Turkish.
Present form of Hindi came also from Khari Boli in when the khari-boli was approved as Hindi written in Devnagiri Script. Thereon it was highly "Sanstrikized" in order to give a distinct identity as National language. Of or pertaining to the Hindoos or their language.
It is Hindi with the addition of Persian and Arabic words. Hindi-Urdu is the major language in south Asia. Urdu and Hindi are two standardized registers of the same language.
Hindi is promoted in India and Urdu in Pakistan. In numerical terms, the major languages of South Asia can be ranked: 1. Hindi-urdu, 2. Punjabi, 4. Telugu, 5. Hindi language is most spoken in India. It is the national language. In Hindi, it refers to loose-fitting pants tied with a drawstring at the waist. The Hindus adapted the word from an older Persian word meaning "leg garments".
Persian is the official language of Iran. Telugu is the most spoken dravidian language in india and so many people mistook with hindi as the most spoken dravidian language!!
But it is not so, though hindi is the most spoken language in india but it is not dravidian, it is Indo-Aryan some say Indo-Persian If there are any grammatical mistakes in my answer, sorry for those! Anything related to hindi language and culture. Several languages are involved here. The first part of the word is Urdu and means "leg" but this word also comes more remotely from the Persian language, ancestor of modern Farsi.
The second part comes from the Hindi word meaning clothing. However, especially since the languages are closely related, you will often see that the whole word is either Urdu, Hindi, or Persian in origin.
Urdu is an Indo-European language - it is the national language of Pakistan and one of 23 national languages spoken in India. It's a written variant of Hindustani.
The language itself was born out of the Delhi court during the eras of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire. It emerged as a result of Persian language, which was spoken by the Persian and Turkic nobility and the rulers of that time, mixing with local Hindi variant Hindi itself being derived from Sanskrit. Urdu also contains many Arabic words, most of which were passed on through Persian.
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